- Taksonomi & Ekologi Fitoplankton & Tumbuhan Akuatik (Taxonomy and Ecology of Phytoplankton & Aquatic Plants)
- Ekologi & Taksonomi Rumpai Laut (Ecology & Taxonomy of Seaweed)
- Etnobotani Tumbuhan Malaysia (Ethnobotany of Malaysian Plants)
- Ekologi Tanah Lembap (Wetland Ecology)
- Ekologi Air Tawar (Freshwater Ecology)
Ahmad Ismail 